MPI Libraries

On the HPC cluster, there are two different kinds of MPI libraries: OpenMPI and Intel MPI (impi)

The OpenMPI library is an open source implementation for the MPI protocol. The Intel MPI library is an optimized implementation for the MPI protocol. Different versions compiled with different compilers are available. A list is given by typing

module avail openmpi
module avail impi

The currently installed versions are available...

... on envirnoment hpc-uniol-env:

OpenMPI/1.10.4-GCC-4.9.4
OpenMPI/2.0.1-GCC-5.4.0
OpenMPI/2.0.1-GCC-6.2.0
OpenMPI/2.0.2-GCC-5.4.0-2.26

impi/5.1.3.210

...on environment hpc-env/6.4:

OpenMPI/2.1.0-iccifort-2018a
OpenMPI/2.1.1-GCC-6.4.0-2.28

impi/2018a-iccifort-2018a
impi/2018.1.163-GCC-6.4.0-2.28

For performance reasons the latest release of OpenMPI / impi should be used. The following instructions and examples are based on the environment hpc-env/6.4, which is currently our environment for the newest stable software versions that we install. Therefor we encourage you to use this environment when working with MPI.

Compiling with OpenMPI

Before compiling load the actual module of OpenMPI, e.g.

module load OpenMPI/2.1.1-GCC-6.4.0-2.28

for using the GNU compiler.

The compilation can be done by following wrappers of OpenMPI:

Name	Description
mpicc	C compiler
mpic++, mpiCC or mpicxx	C++ compiler
mpif77	Fortran 77 compiler
mpif90	Fortran 90 compiler

These programs are only wrappers which means that the scripts sets additional flags for OpenMPI (e.g. include path, flags for linking OpenMPI libraries, ...). For using the Intel Compiler please use the module

module load OpenMPI/2.1.0-iccifort-2018a

Below there is a list of all environment variables for setting other compiler.

Environment variable	Description
OMPI_CC	Set the C compiler
OMPI_CXX	Sets the C++ compiler
OMPI_F77	Sets the Fortran 77 compiler
OMPI_FC	Sets the Fortran 90 compiler

However, in general the module's toolchain (as indicated by the version suffix, e.g iccifort-2018a) already defines the compiler that will used by the wrappers listed above. In principle it should be possible to change the default behaviour but this is not recommended. In case of Fortran 90 or newer, the module files will most likely cause problems.

Compiling with Intel MPI

Before compiling an MPI program you need to load the actual module for Intel MPI, e.g. with the commands

$ module load hpc-env/6.4
$ module load impi/2018a-iccifort-2018a

Other versions of Intel MPI are available, you may have to load a different environment before you can load them (use module spider impi to find out which versions exist and which environments have to be loaded). Note, that the following has been tested for impi/2018a-iccifort-2018a, other versions may behave slightly different.

In general, you can use Intel MPI with the Intel compilers or the GNU compilers. Both families of compilers are loaded together with the Intel MPI module, and it is recommended that use the versions that are loaded automatically. Compilation of your MPI program is done using a wrapper command, e.g.

$ mpicc MPI_HelloWorld.c -o MPI_HelloWorld

for a C-program. These wrapper commands set the required additional flags for Intel MPI (e.g. include path, flags for linking Intel MPI libraries, ...) which are then used by the underlying compiler (e.g. GNU compiler, Intel Compiler), in addition to any other options given to the wrapper. The available wrapper commands are listed below (and also here). Note: the actual compiler called by the standard wrappers is from the GNU compiler family. You can verify this by typing e.g.:

$ mpicc
This script invokes an appropriate specialized C MPI compiler driver.
The following ways (priority order) can be used for changing default
compiler name (gcc):
  1. Command line option:  -cc=<compiler_name>
  2. Environment variable: I_MPI_CC (current value )
  3. Environment variable: MPICH_CC (current value )

Alternatively, and to get more details, you can also use the command

$ mpicc --version

(likewise for other wrappers) which will give the name and version of the underlying compiler. In the first command (w/o --version you can also see how to change the default behaviour of the wrapper. Therefore,

$ mpicc -cc=icc ...

would compile your program using the Intel C compiler.

The following standard wrappers of Intel MPI can be used for compilation of your MPI programs:

Name	Description	Default compiler	Compiler cmd-line option	Compiler ENV variable
mpicc	C compiler	gcc	-cc=<compiler_name>	I_MPI_CC
mpicxx	C++ compiler	g++	-cxx=<compiler_name>	I_MPI_CXX
mpifc	Fortran compiler	gfortran	-fc=<compiler_name>	I_MPI_FC
mpif77	Fortran 77 compiler	gfortran	-f77=<compiler_name>	I_MPI_F77
mpif90	Fortran 90 compiler	gfortran	-f90=<compiler_name>	I_MPI_F90

As you can see, each of the wrappers above used a GCC default compiler. This can be changed by chosing the compiler using a cmd-line option as shown above or by setting the corresponding environment variables, e.g.

 export I_MPI_CC=icc

for using the Intel C compiler.

Alternatively for GNU compilers and Intel Compilers there exists following wrapper scripts which needs no special environment variables settings.

Wrapper for Intel Compiler	Wrapper for GNU Compiler	Description
mpiicc	mpigcc	C compiler
mpiicpc	mpigxx	C++ compiler
mpiifort		Fortran 77 compiler

Important note for Fortran 90/2008: Newer Fortran standards can use special module files. Intel MPI in general supports the Fortran 90/95 standard (if the underlying compiler supports it which is usually the case nowadays). Therefore, you can include the MPI module with

use mpi

If you are using the Intel compiler ifort you can also use the new Fortran 2008 standard with

use mpi_f08

which is recommended (mainly for code robustness). This standard is not supported for the combination Intel MPI and GCC compiler (see also here)